2025 marks 10 years since Bangladesh introduced the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10), a public health milestone we have been proud to track every step of the way. But our pneumococcal journey did not begin in 2015 - it began way back in the 1990s, when Professor Samir K Saha first started monitoring pneumococcal disease in Bangladeshi children.

Here is a list of all the pneumococcal papers we have published in the last 30 years. 

1997
1. Serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing invasive childhood infections in Bangladesh, 1992 to 1995 ASM Journals 

1999
2. Antimicrobial Resistance and Serotype Distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains Causing Childhood Infections in Bangladesh, 1993 to 1997  ASM Journals

2003
3. Comparison of antibiotic resistance and serotype composition of carriage and invasive pneumococci among Bangladeshi children: implications for treatment policy and vaccine formulation ASM Journals

2005
4. Rapid diagnosis of pneumococcal meningitis: implications for treatment and measuring disease burden The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

2006
5. Pneumococcal vaccination in developing countries The Lancet

2007
6. Invasive pneumococcal disease burden and implications for vaccine policy in urban Bangladesh The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

2008
7. Identification of serotype in culture negative pneumococcal meningitis using sequential multiplex PCR: implication for surveillance and vaccine design PLOS One

2009
8. Neurodevelopmental sequelae in pneumococcal meningitis cases in Bangladesh: a comprehensive follow-up study Clinical Infectious Diseases

9. Invasive pneumococcal disease among children in rural Bangladesh: results from a population-based surveillance Clinical Infectious Diseases

10. Use of multiple surveillance modalities to assess the epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in Bangladesh Clinical Infectious Diseases

11. Surveillance for invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae disease among hospitalized children in Bangladesh: antimicrobial susceptibility and serotype distribution Clinical Infectious Diseases

12. Enhanced diagnosis of pneumococcal meningitis with use of the Binax NOW immunochromatographic test of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen: a multisite study Clinical Infectious Diseases

2012

13. Detection and serotyping of lyophilized nonculturable pneumococcal isolates ASM Journals 

 2015

14. Detection of co-colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae by algorithmic use of conventional and molecular methods Vaccine

2016

15. Epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Bangladeshi Children Before Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

16. PCR-Based Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Culture-Negative Specimens: Novel Primers for Detection of Serotypes within Serogroup 18 ASM Journals 

2018

17. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine impact assessment in Bangladesh Gates Open Research

18. Epidemiology of Otitis Media With Otorrhea Among Bangladeshi Children: Baseline Study for Future Assessment of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Impact The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal  

19. Using pneumococcal and rotavirus surveillance in vaccine decision-making: A series of case studies in Bangladesh, Armenia and the Gambia Vaccine

20. Corrigendum: SeroBA: rapid high-throughput serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae from whole genome sequence data Microbial Genomics

2019

21. Invasive Pneumococcal Infections in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome in Bangladesh The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 

22. Chest radiograph reading panel performance in a Bangladesh pneumococcal vaccine effectiveness study BMJ Open Respiratory Research

23. Putative novel cps loci in a large global collection of pneumococci Microbial Genomics

24. Pneumococcal lineages associated with serotype replacement and antibiotic resistance in childhood invasive pneumococcal disease in the post-PCV13 era: an international whole-genome sequencing study The Lancet Infectious Diseases

2020

25. Population-based incidence and serotype distribution of invasive pneumococcal disease prior to introduction of conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in Bangladesh PLOS One

26. Corrigendum to "Using pneumococcal and rotavirus surveillance in vaccine decision-making: A series of case studies in Bangladesh, Armenia and the Gambia Vaccine

27. A mosaic tetracycline resistance gene tet(S/M) detected in an MDR pneumococcal CC230 lineage that underwent capsular switching in South Africa Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

28. Visualizing variation within Global Pneumococcal Sequence Clusters (GPSCs) and country population snapshots to contextualize pneumococcal isolates Microbial Genomics

2021

29. The role of interspecies recombination in the evolution of antibiotic-resistant pneumococci Microbiology and Infectious Disease

30. Comparison of Culture, Antigen Test, and Polymerase Chain Reaction for Pneumococcal Detection in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Children The Journal of Infectious Diseases

31. Impact of national introduction of ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on invasive pneumococcal disease in Bangladesh: Case-control and time-trend studies Vaccine

32. Global Landscape Review of Serotype-Specific Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance among Countries Using PCV10/13: The Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement and Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) Project Microorganisms

2022

33. International links between Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotype 4 sequence type (ST) 801 in Northern European shipyard outbreaks of invasive pneumococcal disease Vaccine

34. Emergence of a multidrug-resistant and virulent Streptococcus pneumoniae lineage mediates serotype replacement after PCV13: an international whole-genome sequencing study The Lancet Microbe

34. A Streptococcus pneumoniae lineage usually associated with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) serotypes is the most common cause of serotype 35B invasive disease in South Africa, following routine use of PCV Microbial Genomics
 

2024

35. Effectiveness of ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on invasive pneumococcal disease among children <2 years old: A prospective population-based study in rural Bangladesh Vaccine

36. Geographical migration and fitness dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae Nature 

2025

38. Impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on the epidemiology of otitis media with otorrhea among Bangladeshi children Vaccine